Endomorphism
In abstract algebra, an endomorphism is a homomorphism from a mathematical object to itself. More generally in category theory, an endomorphism is a morphism from an object in some category to itself. An endomorphism that is also an isomorphism is an automorphism. For example, an endomorphism of a vector space V is a linear map f: V → V, and an endomorphism of a group G is a group homomorphism f: G → G.
In general, we can talk about endomorphisms in any category. In the category of sets, endomorphisms are functions from a set S to itself.
In any category, the composition of any two endomorphisms of X is again an endomorphism of X. It follows that the set of all endomorphisms of X forms a monoid, the full transformation monoid, and denoted End(X) (or EndC(X) to emphasize the category C).