Ein Gedi (archaeological site)

Ein Gedi archaeological site
עתיקות עין גדי
Ein Gedi archaeological site
Shown within Northern Negev region of Israel
Alternative nameEn Gedi Antiquities National Park
Tell Goren/Tell el-Jurn
LocationIsrael
RegionJudaean Desert
Coordinates31°27′41″N 35°23′33″E / 31.46139°N 35.39250°E / 31.46139; 35.39250
Altitude638 m (2,093 ft)
TypeSettlement
Part ofEin Gedi
History
Founded4th millennium BCE (Chalcolithic temple) 8th/7th century BCE (Judahite outpost and settlement), 5th century BCE (rebuilt Jewish settlement)
Abandoned6th century BCE; 7th century CE
PeriodsChalcolithic, Iron Age, Hellenistic, Roman, Byzantine
Cultures
EventsBabylonian captivity, First Jewish–Roman War, Bar Kokhba revolt
Site notes
Excavation dates1949, 1958, 1961–1965, 1970–1972, 1980s, 1993–1995, 1996–2002
ArchaeologistsBenjamin Mazar, Yohanan Aharoni, Yosef Porath, Gideon Hadas, Yizhar Hirschfeld, Dan Barag
ConditionIn ruins
ManagementIsrael Nature and Parks Authority
Public accessYes
WebsiteEn Gedi Antiquities National Park

Ein Gedi (Hebrew: עין גדי) was an ancient settlement located in the Judaean Desert, along the western shore of the Dead Sea. In antiquity, it was an important Jewish settlement. The remains of the settlement are part of an archaeological park situated in southern Israel.

Ein Gedi is frequently mentioned in the Bible, in the works of Josephus, in rabbinic literature, and in early Christian sources. The site was inhabited during different periods, and the earliest activity dates to the Chalcolithic period. The ruins, including a 6th-century synagogue, testify to a continuous Jewish settlement in the area between the 5th century BCE to the 7th century CE.

Adjacent to the archaeological park is the Ein Gedi Nature Reserve, a national park known for its oasis, waterfalls, and walking trails. To the south lies modern Ein Gedi, a kibbutz (collective community) established in 1954. The site was excavated in the 20th century.