Deep Blue (chess computer)

Deep Blue
	A computer similar to Deep Blue at the Computer History Museum
Active	1995 (prototype); 1996 (release); 1997 (upgrade)
Architecture	1995: IBM RS/6000 with 14 custom VLSI first-generation "chess chips"; 1996: IBM RS/6000 SP with 30 PowerPC 604 "High 1" 120 MHz CPUs and 480 custom VLSI second-generation "chess chips"; 1997: IBM RS/6000 SP with 30 PowerPC 604e "High 2" 200 MHz CPUs and 480 custom VLSI second-generation "chess chips";
Operating system	IBM AIX
Space	2 cabinets
Speed	11.38 GFLOPS (1997)
Purpose	playing chess
Website	ibm.com at the Wayback Machine (archived 2002-08-06)

Deep Blue was a customized IBM RS/6000 SP supercomputer for chess-playing designed by computer scientist Feng-hsiung Hsu. It was the first computer to win a game, and the first to win a match, against a reigning world champion under regular time controls. Development began in 1985 at Carnegie Mellon University under the name ChipTest. It then moved to IBM, where it was first renamed Deep Thought, then again in 1989 to Deep Blue. In 1996, it was used to compete against world champion Garry Kasparov in a six-game match, where it won one, drew two, and lost three games. In 1997, it underwent an upgrade, and in a six-game rematch it defeated Kasparov by winning two games and drawing three. Deep Blue's victory is considered a milestone in the history of artificial intelligence and has been the subject of several books and films.