Cystatin C

CST3
Available structures
PDB	Ortholog search: PDBe RCSB
List of PDB id codes
	1G96, 1R4C, 1TIJ, 3GAX, 3NX0, 3PS8, 3QRD, 3S67, 3SVA
Identifiers
Aliases	CST3, ARMD11, HEL-S-2, cystatin C
External IDs	OMIM: 604312; MGI: 102519; HomoloGene: 78; GeneCards: CST3; OMA:CST3 - orthologs
Gene location (Human)
Chr.	Chromosome 20 (human)
End	23,638,473 bp
Gene location (Mouse)
Chr.	Chromosome 2 (mouse)
End	148,717,612 bp
RNA expression pattern
	Top expressed in
	right frontal lobe; ; amygdala; ; right testis; ; left testis; ; nucleus accumbens; ; retinal pigment epithelium; ; apex of heart; ; right coronary artery; ; right hemisphere of cerebellum; ; Descending thoracic aorta;
	Top expressed in
	skin of external ear; ; arcuate nucleus; ; globus pallidus; ; entorhinal cortex; ; median eminence; ; perirhinal cortex; ; superior frontal gyrus; ; CA3 field; ; retinal pigment epithelium; ; nucleus accumbens;
	More reference expression data
	More reference expression data
Gene ontology
Molecular function	peptidase inhibitor activity; cysteine-type endopeptidase inhibitor activity; amyloid-beta binding; protein binding; identical protein binding; endopeptidase inhibitor activity; protease binding;
Cellular component	extracellular region; extracellular exosome; tertiary granule lumen; ficolin-1-rich granule lumen; basement membrane; extracellular space; cytoplasm; lysosome; multivesicular body; endoplasmic reticulum; endoplasmic reticulum lumen; axon; nuclear membrane; vesicle; cell projection; soma; contractile fiber; perinuclear region of cytoplasm; Golgi apparatus; plasma membrane;
Biological process	negative regulation of proteolysis; defense response; negative regulation of peptidase activity; negative regulation of extracellular matrix disassembly; regulation of tissue remodeling; negative regulation of blood vessel remodeling; negative regulation of elastin catabolic process; negative regulation of collagen catabolic process; neutrophil degranulation; supramolecular fiber organization; eye development; response to hypoxia; cell activation; apoptotic process; response to oxidative stress; brain development; salivary gland development; embryo implantation; positive regulation of cell population proliferation; male gonad development; response to toxic substance; response to carbohydrate; response to inorganic substance; response to organic cyclic compound; response to nutrient levels; response to estradiol; cellular response to oxidative stress; circadian sleep/wake cycle, REM sleep; regulation of programmed cell death; post-translational protein modification; positive regulation of DNA replication; response to axon injury; Sertoli cell development; negative regulation of cell death; cellular response to hydrogen peroxide; negative regulation of cysteine-type endopeptidase activity; negative regulation of endopeptidase activity;
	Sources:Amigo / QuickGO
Orthologs
	1471
	13010
	ENSG00000101439
	ENSMUSG00000027447
	P01034
	P21460
	NM_001288614; NM_000099
	NM_009976
	NP_000090; NP_001275543
	NP_034106
	Wikidata
View/Edit Human	View/Edit Mouse

Cystatin C or cystatin 3 (formerly gamma trace, post-gamma-globulin, or neuroendocrine basic polypeptide), is a protein encoded by the CST3 gene.

In humans most nucleated cells produce cystatin C as a polypeptide of 120 amino acids. It is found in virtually all tissues and body fluids. Functionally, it is a potent inhibitor of lysosomal proteinases and an important extracellular inhibitor of cysteine proteases. Cystatin C belongs to the type 2 cystatin gene family.

In medicine Cystatin C is most commonly known as a biomarker of kidney function. Additionally it has a role in predicting cardiovascular disease, and may play a role in brain disorders involving amyloid such as Alzheimer's disease.