Cryptocurrency and crime

Cryptocurrency and crime concerns the ways cryptocurrencies are used in, facilitate, or are targeted by criminal activity. Documented areas include investment and romance scams (often called “pig-butchering”), ransomware payments, thefts and exchange hacks, money laundering and sanctions evasion, darknet-market transactions, and occasional off-chain coercion to obtain private keys. Law-enforcement assessments emphasize that investment fraud and laundering are frequent contexts for criminal use of crypto assets, while noting that public blockchains can also aid tracing, seizures, and arrests.