Crimean–Circassian wars

Crimean–Circassian wars
	; Nogai and Crimean Tatar horsemen (left) and two Circassians (right)
Date	1479-1774
Location	Caucasus and Crimea
Result	Circassian victory Circassia remains independent; Devastation of Tatar and Circassian lands; Eventual annexation of both by Russia;
Belligerents
Crimean Khanate; Supported by:; Ottoman Empire; Nogai Horde; Shamkhalate of Tarki; Astrakhan Khanate; Pro-Crimean Circassians; Kalmyk Khanate (1734)	Circassia States and Tribes: Shapsug; Natukhaj; Kabardia; Zichia; Bzhedug; Hatuqay; Makhosh; Besleney; Chemguy; Zhaney; ; Supported by:; Tsardom of Russia; Terek Cossacks; Zaporozhian Cossacks; Greben Cossacks; Dadianis; Kalmyk Khanate
Commanders and leaders
See list Meñli I Giray; Mehmed I Giray †; Ğazı I Giray; Saadet I Girai; İslâm I Giray; Sahib I Giray X; Devlet I Giray; Saadet II Giray; İslâm II Giray; Fetih I Giray; Ğazı II Giray; Mehmed III Giray; Canibek Giray; İnayet Giray; Bahadır I Giray; İslâm III Giray; Selim I Giray; Murad Giray; Devlet II Giray (POW); Qaplan I Giray (WIA); Devlet III Giray; Saadet IV Giray; Meñli II Giray; Fetih II Giray; Selâmet II Giray; Selim II Giray; Halim Giray; Qırım Giray; Selim III Giray; Maqsud Giray; Devlet IV Giray; Adil Giray; Alp Giray; Mubarak Giray; Yaman Giray; Shahbaz Giray †; Nurreddin Giray; Bakhti Giray †; Murad Giray †; Ghazi Giray; Kazy Giray †; Shirin Beg †; Mansur Beg †; Yurulshi Beg †; Jarik Beg †; Shahin Giray; Meñli II Giray; Yaman Giray; Musa Lulu; Navruz Lulu; Bagadyr Giray; Sahib Giray (POW); Hajji Ali Agha; Safi Giray; Salikh Giray; Bakhadyr Giray †;	See list Tabulda; Inarmas; Beslan; Idar #; Kaytuk I; Temryuk Idar †; Kambulat; Kaytuk II; Sholokh Tapsarukov; Kudenet Cherkassky #; Aleguqo; Atajuq I; Atajuq II; Atajuq III ; Tatarkhan; Qeytuqo Aslanbech; Batoko; Bamat; Qasey Atajuq; Jankhot; Antanuk (POW); Kansavuk ; Tkhemuj Janqot; Andemirqan; Peterzeqo; Buzhaduk; Aledjuq; Bulat-Djery (POW); Mashoqwa (POW); Jabagh Qazanoqo; Nemire Shubs; Talostan Dzhanhotov; Kasbulat Cherkassky; Temir-Bulat Kanokov; Mutsal Cherkassky; Magomed Kurgokin;

The Crimean–Circassian wars were a series of intermittent conflicts between the Crimean Khanate and various Circassian tribes from the late 15th century to the 18th century. These wars were primarily driven by slave raids, territorial disputes, and political alliances. The Crimean Tatars frequently launched raids into Circassian lands, capturing thousands of slaves and exerting influence over the North Caucasus. These conflicts contributed to the long-term instability and demographic changes in the region.