Complicity in genocide
Complicity in genocide encompasses a wide spectrum of conduct involving assistance or encouragement that significantly contributes to, or has a substantial impact on, the commission of the crime of genocide.
It is illegal under international law both for individuals, as part of international criminal law, and state parties to the Genocide Convention. The latter was first held in the Bosnian genocide case (2007) in which the International Court of Justice held Serbia responsible for failure to prevent the Bosnian genocide.
Complicity in genocide is contrasted by the Responsibility-to-protect (R2P) doctrine which is a commitment by UN members to intervene to prevent atrocities, including genocide.