Clayton Antitrust Act of 1914

Clayton Antitrust Act
Long title	An Act to supplement existing laws against unlawful restraints and monopolies, and for other purposes.
Nicknames	Clayton Act
Enacted by	the 63rd United States Congress
Citations
Public law	Pub. L. 63–212
Statutes at Large	38 Stat. 730
Codification
U.S.C. sections created	15 U.S.C. §§ 12–27; 29 U.S.C. §§ 52–53.
Agencies affected	Federal Trade Commission; United States Department of Justice Antitrust Division
Legislative history
	Introduced in the House of Representatives as H.R. 15657 by Henry De Lamar Clayton Jr. (D‑AL) on April 14, 1914; Committee consideration by House Judiciary; Senate Judiciary; Passed the House on June 5, 1914 (277–54); Passed the Senate on September 2, 1914 (46–16) with amendment; Senate (conference report) agreed to Senate amendment on October 5, 1914 (35–24) with further amendment; House (conference report) agreed to Senate (conference report) amendment on October 8, 1914 (245–52); Signed into law by President Woodrow Wilson on October 15, 1914;
Major amendments
	Robinson–Patman Act (1936); Celler–Kefauver Act (1950); Hart–Scott–Rodino Antitrust Improvements Act (1976)
United States Supreme Court cases
	Brown Shoe Co. v. United States; United States v. Philadelphia National Bank

The Clayton Antitrust Act of 1914 (Pub. L. 63–212, 38 Stat. 730, enacted October 15, 1914, codified at 15 U.S.C. §§ 12–27, 29 U.S.C. §§ 52–53) is a part of United States antitrust law with the goal of adding further substance to the U.S. antitrust law regime; the Clayton Act seeks to prevent anticompetitive practices in their incipiency.

That regime began with the Sherman Antitrust Act of 1890, the first Federal law outlawing practices that were harmful to consumers (monopolies, cartels, and trusts). The Clayton Act specified prohibited conduct, the three-level enforcement scheme, the exemptions, and the remedial measures. Like the Sherman Act, much of the substance of the Clayton Act has been developed and animated by the U.S. courts, particularly the Supreme Court.