Carnot battery

A Carnot battery is a type of energy storage system that stores electricity in thermal energy storage. During the charging process, electricity is converted into heat and kept in heat storage. During the discharging process, the stored heat is converted back into electricity. The technology is also known as power-to-heat-to-power.

Fritz Marguerre patented the concept of this technology 100 years ago, but its development was recently revitalized, given the increased use of renewable energy and the need to increase the total recovered energy delivered from such sources. In this context, Andre Thess coined the term "Carnot battery" in 2018, prior to the first International Workshop on Carnot Batteries.

The term "Carnot battery" is derived from Carnot's theorem, which describes the maximum efficiency of conversion of heat energy into mechanical energy. The word "battery" indicates that the purpose of this technology is to store electricity. The discharge efficiency of Carnot batteries is limited by the Carnot efficiency. The concept of Carnot batteries covers technologies such as pumped thermal energy storage and liquid air energy storage.

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