Canadian Bill of Rights

The Canadian Bill of Rights (French: Déclaration canadienne des droits) is a federal statute and bill of rights enacted by the Parliament of Canada on August 10, 1960. It provides Canadians with certain rights in Canadian federal law in relation to other federal statutes. It was the earliest expression of human rights law at the federal level in Canada, though an implied Bill of Rights had already been recognized in the Canadian common law.

The Canadian Bill of Rights remains in force but is widely acknowledged to be limited in its effectiveness because it is a federal statute only, and so not directly applicable to provincial laws. These legal and constitutional limitations were a significant reason that the Canadian Charter of Rights and Freedoms was entrenched as an unambiguously constitutional-level bill of rights for all Canadians, governing the application of both federal and provincial law in Canada, with the patriation of the Constitution of Canada in 1982. Since patriation, the statute's usefulness in federal law in Canada is mostly limited to issues pertaining to the "enjoyment of property," as set forth in its section 1(a)—a slightly-broader right than is recognized in section seven of the Canadian Charter of Rights and Freedoms.