Bundesgrenzschutz

Federal Border Guard
Bundesgrenzschutz
BGS Federal Eagle (Bundesadler) worn from 1976 until 2001
AbbreviationBGS
Agency overview
FormedMarch 16, 1951 (renamed to Bundespolizei on 1 July 2005)
Superseding agencyFederal Police
Employees16,414 (1956)
38,000 (1999)
Annual budgetDM 376 million (1970)
1.942 billion (2004)
Jurisdictional structure
Federal agencyFederal Republic of Germany
Operations jurisdictionFederal Republic of Germany
General nature
Specialist jurisdiction
  • National border patrol, security, integrity
Operational structure
Parent agencyFederal Ministry of the Interior
Notables
People
  • Anton Grasser, for first inspector
  • Udo Burkholder, for last inspector

Bundesgrenzschutz (German: [ˌbʊndəsˈɡʁɛnt͡sʃʊt͡s] ; abbreviation: BGS, Federal Border Guard) was the federal police force of the Federal Republic of Germany (West Germany), later renamed the Bundespolizei (Federal Police). Established on 16 March 1951 as a subordinate agency of the Federal Ministry of the Interior, the BGS originally focused on protecting the borders of West Germany, including its land and maritime frontiers. In its early years, BGS units had military structures, training, and equipment, and its law enforcement officers held legal military combatant status until 1994.

A significant portion of early BGS personnel transferred to the newly founded German Armed Forces (Bundeswehr) in 1956, contributing to West Germany's rearmament.

The BGS was finally renamed Bundespolizei on 1 July 2005. The change of name did not alter the agency's legal status or constitution, but reflected its development into a multi‑faceted police force with responsibilities including land and maritime border protection, railway policing, and aviation security.