1970s South Bronx building fires

1970s South Bronx building fires
LocationBronx, New York City, U.S.
Date~1972–1984
TargetUnprofitable leased residential buildings
Attack type
Neglect of crucial infrastructure by city planners, and intentional arson by landlords on unprofitable buildings (typically carried out by paid-off Bronx residents)
WeaponsFire
Victims
  • 200–400 killed
  • 250,000 left without housing
Perpetrators
  • Absentee landlords (intentional recruitment of arsonists)
  • New York City budget planners (indirect contribution from cutting fire services)
  • Bronx residents (either paid by landlords, or seeking better public housing)
LitigationNone

The 1970s South Bronx building fires, often referred to as simply the Bronx fires, were a series of fires that severely damaged the South Bronx and destroyed more than 80 percent of the buildings in the area. The Bronx fires were the most damaging case of the high rates of fire and arson afflicting cities across America during the 1970s.

Most fires were the result of arson, usually caused by landlords recruiting Bronx residents to start them, but the South Bronx fires were not a singular, coordinated event; rather, the fires were the result of multiple socioeconomic factors and trends spanning several decades. These factors included but were not limited to redlining and housing segregation, the economic crises of the 1970s, newly available property insurance programs, poor fiscal management by the city of New York, budget cuts targeted towards poor communities, the overcrowding of already-neglected areas due to gentrification, and many others.