Brazil at the Olympics

Brazil first participated at the Olympic Games in 1920, after missing the previous five Summer editions. The country has sent athletes to compete in every Summer Olympic Games since then, except for the 1928 Games. As of 2026, Brazilian athletes have won a total of 171 Olympic medals, among them 170 medals in 18 different Summer sports and 1 in a Winter sport.

In its inaugural participation at the 1920 Summer Olympics in Antwerp, Brazil won its first Olympic medal, a silver with Afrânio da Costa in men's 50 metre free pistol in Shooting. In the same edition and sport, the first gold medal was also conquered by Guilherme Paraense in men's 30 metre military pistol. The first Olympic medal and the first women's gold medal in Brazilian history were simultaneously earned 76 years later, at the 1996 Summer Olympics in Atlanta, in the all-Brazilian final between Sandra Pires and Jackie Silva (who won gold) and Mônica Rodrigues and Adriana Samuel in women's beach volleyball.

Brazil has also participated in the Winter Olympic Games since 1992. At the 2026 Winter Olympics, alpine skier Lucas Pinheiro Braathen won Brazil's single medal at the Winter Olympic Games, becoming the first Latin American, South American and Brazilian as well as the first athlete representing any tropical nation to win a medal in the Winter Olympics with a gold in the men's giant slalom.

Volleyball (indoors and beach volley), sailing and judo are Brazil's top medal-producing sports in the Summer editions. The country is also the most decorated in football, with the men's team having seven medals (2 gold, 3 silver and 2 bronze) and the women's team adding three silver medals for a total of ten.

Rio de Janeiro in Brazil was the host city to the 2016 Summer Olympics. This marked the first time that any country in South America has hosted the games. This also marks the first time that a lusophone country hosted any edition of the Olympic Games. Rio was only the second city in Latin America to host the Summer Olympics, after Mexico City in 1968, and Brazil was only the second country of the Southern Hemisphere to host the Olympics, after Australia in 1956 and 2000.

As the hosts of the 2016 Summer Olympics, Brazil had the second most successful participation at the Summer Olympics to date, earning seven gold medals and nineteen medals overall. The nation's most successful overall performance at the Olympics occurred at the 2020 Summer Olympics. Tied with 2016 games in number of gold medals (7) and silver medals (6) but with 2 more bronze medals (8), Brazil became the second nation to surpass its medal total at the Olympics immediately following one that it hosted (the other one was Great Britain in the 2016 Olympics). The country broke the record for medals in one edition (21) and was also in the highest position on medal table on games history (12th place).

One athlete from Brazil has been awarded the Pierre de Coubertin medal: Vanderlei de Lima, a long-distance runner who was attacked by a protester during the men's marathon at the 2004 edition in Athens, Greece, when he was leading the race. Lima lost two places, winning the bronze medal. In spite of the situation, he still celebrated the third-place, showing good sportsmanship.

The National Olympic Committee for Brazil is the Brazilian Olympic Committee. The entity was created in 1914 and recognized in 1935.