Bombardment of Belgrade (1914)
| Bombardment of Belgrade (1914) | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Part of the Serbian campaign (1914) of World War I | |||||||
Shelling of Belgrade in the night of 28 and 29 July 1914 (German illustration, 1914) | |||||||
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| Belligerents | |||||||
| Austria-Hungary | Serbia | ||||||
| Commanders and leaders | |||||||
|
Colonel Emil von Baumgartner Fregattenkapitän Friedrich Grund | Major Vojislav Tankosić | ||||||
| Strength | |||||||
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Army: 14th Infantry Brigade Navy: Danube Flotilla 3 river monitors (SMS Bodrog, SMS Temes, SMS Szamos) Artillery at Zemun and Bežanija |
Army: Elements of the 18th Infantry Regiment Other: Chetnik formations Serbian border guards (≈200 men) | ||||||
| Casualties and losses | |||||||
| Several killed or drowned | One reported | ||||||
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Civilian casualties: Minimal; limited structural damage in Belgrade | |||||||
The Bombardment of Belgrade (Serbian Cyrillic: Бомбардовање Београда, German: Der Bombardierung von Belgrad) was an Austro-Hungarian naval and artillery attack on the Serbian capital during the night of 28–29 July 1914, marking the opening engagement of World War I. Carried out by the Austro-Hungarian Danube Flotilla and supporting artillery across the Sava River, it was the first act of hostilities following the declaration of war on Serbia earlier that day.
Shortly after midnight, the river monitor SMS Bodrog fired on the city, joined by SMS Temes and SMS Szamos, in what is widely regarded as the first shot fired in the First World War. News of the bombardment prompted Tsar Nicholas II to order the general mobilisation of the Imperial Russian Army, accelerating the July Crisis into a continental conflict. Within two weeks, the Balkanstreitkräfte launched a full-scale invasion of Serbia, beginning the first land campaign of the war.