Blue Shirts Society

Society of Practice of the Three Principles of the People
三民主義力行社
Sānmínzhǔyì lìxíng shè
LeaderChiang Kai Shek
Succeeded byTsotanhui Clique
Youth wingThree Principles of the People Youth Corps
IdeologyChinese ultranationalism
Three Principles of the People
Anti-communism
Anti-imperialism
Conservatism (Chinese)
Pro–Chiang Kai-shek
Colours  Blue
Part ofKuomintang
Blue Shirts Society
Traditional Chinese藍衣社
Simplified Chinese蓝衣社
Transcriptions
Standard Mandarin
Hanyu PinyinLán Yī Shè
Wade–GilesLan2 I1 Shê4
IPA[lǎn í ʂɤ̂]

The Blue Shirts Society (BSS; Chinese: 藍衣社) was a secret ultranationalist faction in the Kuomintang. While it is often described as being inspired by German and Italian fascists, its ideological classification remains a subject of academic debate.

The Blue Shirts Society, which was primarily composed of military officers, and the CC Clique, which was dominated by civilian bureaucrats, remained engaged in an intense factional struggle within the Kuomintang. In 1938, with the creation of the Three Principles of the People Youth Corps as an organization operating outside of direct party control, Chiang Kai-shek placed the Corps largely under the influence of the Blue Shirts Society. This shift allowed the Blue Shirts to expand their political role at the expense of the CC Clique. In the aftermath of the Second World War, many leading figures of the Blue Shirts Society, such as Kang Tse, Liu Chien-chun, and Ni Wen-ya, were incorporated into the faction led by Chen Cheng, commonly known as the Tsotanhui Clique.

The rise and fall of the Blue Shirt Society was rapid, but obscure, and it was seldom mentioned again by either the KMT or the Chinese Communist Party after the 1949 proclamation of the People's Republic of China and the retreat of the government of the Republic of China to Taiwan.