Bhutan–China relations

Bhutan–China relations are the international relations between the Kingdom of Bhutan and the People's Republic of China. As of present, Bhutan and China do not share an official diplomatic relationship with one another. Nevertheless, unofficial ties exist.

Historically, Bhutan has followed a path of isolationism and non-alignment extending from the Cold War era to the present day. Bhutan's lack of formal diplomatic relations extend far beyond China; Bhutan does not have an official diplomatic relationship with any of the other four permanent member states of the United Nations Security Council. Despite the lack of diplomatic relations, Bhutan adheres to the one-China policy, recognizing the PRC as the sole legitimate government of China and supporting China's position on issues such as Taiwan and Tibet.

Geographically, Bhutan is sandwiched between the two neighbouring states of India to the south and China to the north and northeast. The Bhutan–China border runs approximately 477 km across very mountainous Himalayan terrain, connecting northern regions of Bhutan on the south of the border with the Tibet Autonomous Region of China north of the border. The Bhutan–China border is porous and poorly demarcated, and has been a source of long running tension between the two states. Territorial disputes with Bhutan have been a source of potential conflict. Since 1984, the two governments have conducted regular talks on border and security issues to reduce tensions.

The 2026 "Happy Chinese New Year" Bhutan Session was held in Thimphu from February 12–13, hosted by the Chinese Embassy in India and Bhutan's Ministry of Home Affairs. The event featured a performance of Zhejiang Wu Opera and attended by Bhutanese royalty, government officials, and around 400 guests. Ambassador Xu Feihong delivered remarks emphasizing China-Bhutan friendship and cooperation. The session celebrated the Chinese Bingwu Year of the Horse and Bhutanese Fire Horse Year.