José Paranhos, Baron of Rio Branco
The Baron of Rio Branco | |
|---|---|
The Baron of Rio Branco c. 1898 | |
| Minister of Foreign Affairs | |
| In office 3 December 1902 – 10 February 1912 | |
| President | Rodrigues Alves Afonso Pena Nilo Peçanha Hermes da Fonseca |
| Preceded by | Olinto de Magalhães |
| Succeeded by | Lauro Müller |
| Ambassador of Brazil to Germany | |
| In office 16 April 1901 – 10 November 1902 | |
| Nominated by | Campos Sales |
| Preceded by | Cyro de Azevedo |
| Succeeded by | José Pereira da Costa Motta |
| Member of the Chamber of Deputies | |
| In office 11 May 1869 – 10 October 1875 | |
| Constituency | Mato Grosso |
| Personal details | |
| Born | José Maria da Silva Paranhos Júnior 20 April 1845 Rio de Janeiro, Neutral Municipality, Brazil |
| Died | 10 February 1912 (aged 66) Rio de Janeiro, Federal District, Brazil |
| Party | Conservative (1868–1889) Independent (1889–1912) |
| Spouse |
Marie Philomène Stevens
(m. 1889; died 1898) |
| Children | 5, including Paulo |
| Parents |
|
| Alma mater | Faculty of Law of Recife |
| Profession | Diplomat |
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José Maria da Silva Paranhos Júnior, Baron of Rio Branco (Portuguese: Barão do Rio Branco; 20 April 1845 – 10 February 1912) was a Brazilian statesman, diplomat, geographer, historian, politician and professor, considered to be the "Patron of Brazilian diplomacy". Rio Branco was the son of statesman José Paranhos, Viscount of Rio Branco.
As a representative of Brazil, he managed to peacefully resolve all the country's border disputes with its South American neighbours in the early 20th century, incorporating 900 thousand square kilometers (roughly 10% of Brazil's current territory) through his diplomacy alone. He was also a member of the Brazilian Academy of Letters, occupying its 34th chair from 1898 until his death in 1912.