Aulacephalodon

Aulacephalodon; Temporal range: Late Permian
	Skeleton of A. peavoti in the Field Museum of Natural History
Scientific classification
Kingdom:	Animalia
Phylum:	Chordata
Clade:	Synapsida
Clade:	Therapsida
Clade:	†Anomodontia
Clade:	†Dicynodontia
Family:	†Geikiidae
Genus:	†Aulacephalodon; Seeley, 1898
Type species
	Aulacephalodon bainii; Seeley, 1898 (type)
Species
	†A. bainii Seeley, 1898; †A. kapoliwacela Thomas, Angielczyk & Peecook, 2025; †?A. peavoti Broom, 1921;
Synonyms
	†Dicynodon bainii Owen, 1844; †Dicynodon tigriceps Owen, 1844; †Dicynodon laticeps Broom, 1912; †Bainia peavoti Broom, 1921; †Bainia haughtoni Broom, 1921; †A. latissimus Broom, 1932; †A. nesamanni Broom, 1936; †A. nodosus Van Hoepen, 1934; †A. luckhoffi Broom, 1937; †A. hartzenbergi Broom, 1937; †A. coatoni Broom, 1941; †A. brodiei Broom, 1941; †A. cadlei Broom, 1948; †A. pricei Broom and George, 1950; †A. vanderhorsti Broom and George, 1950;

Aulacephalodon ("furrow-head tooth") is an extinct genus of medium-sized dicynodonts, or non-mammalian synapsids, that lived during late Permian period. Individuals of Aulacephalodon are commonly found in the Lower Beaufort Group of the Karoo Supergroup of South Africa. Rising to dominance during the Late Permian, Aulacephalodon was among the largest terrestrial vertebrate herbivores until its extinction at the end of the Permian. Three species are typically recognized, the type species, A. bainii (named in 1898), a second species, A. peavoti (named in 1921), and a third species, A. kapoliwacela (named in 2025). However, debate exists among paleontologists if A. peavoti is a true member of the genus Aulacephalodon. Aulacephalodon belongs to the family Geikiidae, a family of dicynodonts generally characterized by their short, broad skulls and large nasal bosses. Sexual dimorphism has been identified in A. bainii.