Arthur County, Nebraska

Arthur County, Nebraska
Location within the U.S. state of Nebraska
Coordinates: 41°34′19″N 101°41′45″W / 41.571930°N 101.695917°W / 41.571930; -101.695917
Country United States
State Nebraska
FoundedMarch 31, 1887 (created)
August 16, 1913 (organized)
Named afterChester A. Arthur
SeatArthur
Largest CommunityArthur
Area
 • Total
718.104 sq mi (1,859.88 km2)
 • Land715.152 sq mi (1,852.24 km2)
 • Water2.952 sq mi (7.65 km2)  0.41%
Population
 (2020)
 • Total
434
 • Estimate 
(2024)
423
 • Density0.607/sq mi (0.234/km2)
Time zoneUTC−7 (Mountain)
 • Summer (DST)UTC−6 (MDT)
Area code308
Congressional district3rd
Websitearthurcounty.nebraska.gov
• Nebraska county number 03
• Nebraska license plate prefix 91

Arthur County is a county located in the U.S. state of Nebraska. As of the 2020 census, the population was 434, and was estimated to be 423 in 2024, making it the second-least populous county in Nebraska, and the sixth-least populous county in the United States (behind only Loving County, Texas; Kalawao County, Hawaii; King County, Texas; Kenedy County, Texas; and McPherson County, Nebraska). The county seat and only incorporated community is Arthur.

In the Nebraska license plate system, Arthur County was represented by the prefix "91" (as it had the 91st-largest number of vehicles registered in the state when the license plate system was established in 1922).

Arthur County contains the historic First Arthur County Courthouse and Jail, believed to be the smallest courthouse in the United States.