Tarragon

Tarragon

Secure (NatureServe)
Scientific classification
Kingdom: Plantae
Clade: Tracheophytes
Clade: Angiosperms
Clade: Eudicots
Clade: Asterids
Order: Asterales
Family: Asteraceae
Genus: Artemisia
Species:
A. dracunculus
Binomial name
Artemisia dracunculus
L. not Hook.f. 1881
Synonyms
Synonymy
  • Absinthium cernuum Moench
  • Achillea dracunculus Steud.
  • Artemisia aromatica A.Nelson
  • Artemisia cernua Nutt.
  • Artemisia changaica Krasch.
  • Artemisia desertorum var. macrocephala Franch.
  • Artemisia dracunculiformis Krasch.
  • Artemisia dracunculoides Pursh
  • Artemisia inodora Willd., nom. illeg.
  • Artemisia nutans Fraser ex Pursh
  • Artemisia redowskyi Ledeb.
  • Artemisia simplicifolia Pamp.
  • Draconia dracunculiformis (Krasch.) Soják
  • Draconia dracunculus (L.) Soják
  • Oligosporus condimentarius Cass.
  • Oligosporus dracunculiformis (Krasch.) Poljakov
  • Oligosporus dracunculoides (Pursh) Poljakov
  • Oligosporus dracunculus (L.) Poljakov

Tarragon (Artemisia dracunculus), also known as estragon, is a species of perennial herb in the family Asteraceae. It is widespread in the wild across much of Eurasia and North America and is cultivated for culinary and medicinal purposes.

One subspecies, Artemisia dracunculus var. sativa, is cultivated to use the leaves as an aromatic culinary herb. In some other subspecies, the characteristic aroma is largely absent. Informal names for distinguishing the variations include "French tarragon" (best for culinary use) and "Russian tarragon".

Tarragon grows to 120–150 centimetres (4–5 feet) tall, with slender branches. The leaves are lanceolate, 2–8 cm (1–3 in) long and 2–10 mm (1838 in) broad, glossy green, with an entire margin. The flowers are produced in small capitula 2–4 mm (116316 in) diameter, each capitulum containing up to 40 yellow or greenish-yellow florets. French tarragon, however, seldom produces any flowers (or seeds). Some tarragon plants produce seeds that are generally sterile. Others produce viable seeds. Tarragon has rhizomatous roots that it uses to spread and readily reproduce.