Arkansas's congressional delegations

Arkansas has sent congressional delegations to the United States Senate and United States House of Representatives since it became a state in 1836, with the exception of the Civil War and Reconstruction period between 1861 and 1868. Before becoming a state, the Arkansas Territory elected a non-voting delegate at-large to Congress, beginning with the 16th United States Congress in 1819. Arkansas first sent a voting representative to Congress in the 25th United States Congress, following its statehood.

Each U.S. state elects two senators to serve for six years in general elections, with their re-election staggered. Prior to the ratification of the Seventeenth Amendment in 1913, Arkansas senators were elected by the Arkansas General Assembly; afterwards, senators were elected directly by the people of the state.

Each state elects at least one member of the House to a two-year term. The number of House members is proportional to the state's share of the national population, and changes every ten years with the results of the United States Census. Arkansas's representation began with one representative immediately after statehood, and peaked from 1903 to 1953 following the 1900 United States census, with seven seats in the House. Arkansas has sent four members to the House in each congressional delegation since 1963.

As a senator for 34 years, from 1942 to 1977, John L. McClellan was the longest-serving senator to represent Arkansas in Congress. The current dean, or longest-serving incumbent, of Arkansas's congressional delegation is senator John Boozman, who has represented Arkansas in Congress since 2001. While Arkansas politics was dominated by the Democratic Party from the 1870s to the 1960s, Arkansas's current delegation consists entirely of Republicans. Some scholars consider the 2010 elections the beginning of the modern rise of the Arkansas Republican Party.