Andrés Bonifacio
Andrés C. Bonifacio | |
|---|---|
The only extant portrait photograph of Bonifacio, c. 1996. | |
| Unofficial President of the Sovereign Tagalog Nation President of the Philippines (unofficial) | |
| In office August 24, 1896 – March 22 or May 10, 1897 | |
| Preceded by | Office established |
| Succeeded by | Office abolished Emilio Aguinaldo (as President of Tejeros Revolutionary Government) |
| Supremo of Katipunan | |
| In office November 1895 – May 10, 1897 | |
| Preceded by | Román Basa |
| Succeeded by | Organization defunct |
| Personal details | |
| Born | Andrés Castro Bonifacio November 30, 1863 |
| Died | May 10, 1897 (aged 33) Maragondon, Cavite, Captaincy General of the Philippines |
| Cause of death | Execution |
| Party | La Liga Filipina Katipunan |
| Spouses | |
| Children | Andrés de Jesus Bonifacio, Jr. (1896) naming was not retroactively used during Spanish era |
| Education | Self-educated |
| Signature | |
| Nickname(s) | Maypagasa (The First President of the Republic of the Philippines ) |
| Military service | |
| Allegiance | |
| Years of service | 1896–1897 |
| Battles/wars | Philippine Revolution
|
Andrés Bonifacio y de Castro (Tagalog: [anˈdɾes (anˈdɾez-) bonɪˈfaʃo], Spanish: [anˈdɾes βoniˈfaθjo]; November 30, 1863 – May 10, 1897) was a Filipino revolutionary leader. He is often called "The Father of the Philippine Revolution", and considered a national hero of the Philippines.
He was a co-founder and later Kataastaasang Pangulo (Spanish: Presidente Supremo, “Supreme President”, often shortened by contemporaries and historians to Supremo) of the Kataastaasan, Kagalanggalang Katipunan ng mga Anak ng Bayan more commonly known as the "Katipunan", a movement that sought the independence of the Philippines from Spanish colonial rule and started the Revolution.
Bonifacio reorganized the Katipunan into a revolutionary government, with himself as Pangulo (President) of a nation-state called Haring Bayang Katagalugan (“Sovereign Nation of the Tagalog People” or “Sovereign Tagalog Nation”), also Republika ng Katagaluguan (Spanish: República Tagala, “Tagalog Republic”), wherein "Tagalog" referred to all those born in the Philippine Islands and not merely in Tagalog-speaking regions Hence, some historians have argued that he should be considered the First President of the Tagalogs instead of the Philippines; that is why he is not included in the official list of Presidents.
Bonifacio was executed in 1897 by Major Lázaro Macapagal under orders of the Consejo de la Guerra (Council of War) led by General Mariano Noriel, on the basis of committing sedition and treason against the government. In retrospective decades, Bonifacio is now considered one of the greatest, most influential and prominent historical figures in the Philippines for his revolution.