Alternative DSM-5 model for personality disorders

"AMPD" and "Ampd" redirect here. For other uses, see Ampd (disambiguation).

The Alternative DSM-5 Model for Personality Disorders (AMPD), introduced in Section III of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fifth Edition (DSM-5), is a dimensional–categorical hybrid model of personality disorders, meaning that it integrates a dimensional model of personality disorders with a categorical one. This is achieved through mapping of individual, categorical personality disorders to specific combinations of impairment in personality functioning and pathological personality traits.

The alternative model features the following specific personality disorders: antisocial, avoidant, borderline, narcissistic, obsessive–compulsive, and schizotypal, constituting a reduction of entities, as the standard model contains the diagnoses of dependent, histrionic, paranoid, and schizoid personality disorders in addition to those in the AMPD. It also contains a trait specified diagnosis for manifestations of personality disorder not covered by the specific diagnoses, such as the four omitted categories.

Designed to address limitations of the categorical classification of personality disorders – such as heterogeneous PD categories, excessive comorbidity, arbitrary thresholds and insufficient diagnostic precision – the AMPD has generally been found to hold validity; however, it remains subject to ongoing debate and research in regards to aspects such as the relationship between traits and functioning level.

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