Ajax Mine Fossil Reef

The Ajax Mine Fossil Reef is a heritage-listed site of palaeontological and geological significance in the Flinders Ranges of South Australia. The site was originally a copper mine, known as Emu Creek and Elvina (or Elvena) before being renamed Ajax Copper Mine. It contains an extraordinary level of diversity of fossils from the Cambrian, as well as over 100 type species. The mine's fossiliferous limestone is known throughout the world as the Ajax Limestone, and is known for its many Archaeocyatha fossils. The site is part of the Flinders Ranges geological successions, where abundant and diverse arrays of fossils show how animal life began on Earth over a period of 350 million years.

The site is heritage-listed on the South Australian Heritage Register, and is also a Geological Heritage site. Ajax Hill is one of a group of seven geographically separate areas that were submitted to the UNESCO World Heritage Centre for consideration as a World Heritage Site in 2021, and as of August 2025 remain on the tentative list.

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