Aging of Russia

The demographic crisis in Russia, refers to the aging and decline of the Russian population caused by demographic transition and other factors. Although most developed countries and some developing countries are experiencing demographic transition, Russia stands out within this group because of its high mortality rate and relatively low life expectancy, particularly among men.

From 1992 to 2008 and again since 2020, Russia has experienced net population loss; the natural population decline having no longer been offset by a positive migration balance. The demographic decline of Russia is likely to continue in the future, with the UN projecting Russia's population to shrink from 146 million in 2022 to 135.8 million by 2050.

The median age has risen significantly as a result of the demographic crisis, increasing from 32.2 in 1990 to 40.3 in 2025. The number of senior citizens (i.e, those older than 65) has increased as well, rising from 10% in 1990 to 16.6% in 2023.

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