Academy professor

An academy professor is a scientist appointed to function as a professor and/or conferred the official professor rank by a national academy of sciences, rather than by a university.

Such scientists are often regarded as exceeding ordinary university professors in terms of research qualifications, and are typically elected on a competitive basis. Academy professors are usually employed by research institutions where their positions are based. This title exists in countries such as Finland, Russia, and Kazakhstan. Some academies, such as the Chinese Academy of Sciences, also award honorary titles of academy professor.