Abortion law in the United States by state

The legality of abortion in the United States and the restrictions imposed on the procedure vary significantly, among the states or other jurisdictions. There is no uniform federal law. Some states prohibit abortion at any stage of pregnancy with few exceptions; others permit it up to a certain point in pregnancy, while some allow abortion throughout a pregnancy. In states where abortion is legal, several classes of restrictions on the procedure may exist, such as parental consent or notification, requirements that patients be shown an ultrasound before obtaining an abortion, mandatory waiting periods, and counseling requirements.

From 1973 to 2022, Supreme Court rulings in Roe v. Wade (1973) and Planned Parenthood v. Casey (1992) established federal protection for a pregnant woman's right to get an abortion, ensuring that states could not ban abortion prior to the point at which a fetus may be deemed viable. However, Roe and Casey were overturned by Dobbs v. Jackson Women's Health Organization (2022), and states may since impose any regulation on abortion, provided it satisfies rational basis review and does not otherwise conflict with federal law. Prior to the Court's decision in Dobbs, many states enacted trigger laws to ban abortion, should Roe be overturned. Additionally, several states either have enacted or are in the process of enacting stricter abortion laws following Dobbs, and some have resumed enforcement of laws in effect prior to 1973. While such laws are no longer considered to violate the United States Constitution, they continue to face legal challenges in state courts.