Abd al-Salam of Kware

Abd al-Salam bin Ibrahim (born Mikaila; died January 1818) was a ba-Are Hausa Islamic scholar and teacher who served as one of the principal commanders in the Sokoto Jihad (1804–1808) and later led a revolt against the Sokoto Caliphate in 1817.

A noted Sufi and teacher even before joining Usman dan Fodio's community, Abd al-Salam had already gathered a following among the Arewa Hausa. After becoming one of Usman's most fervant disciples at Degel, he founded the settlement of Gimbana following his own hijra from Gobir around 1797. The Gobir attack on Gimbana in 1803/4 and later ambush by Usman's followers on the Gobir army is often cited as what began Usman's jihad. During the jihad, Abd al-Salam served as one of the few non-Fulani commanders and played an important role in the movement's expansion into Kebbi and Zamfara.

When Usman divided the new Caliphate's territories in 1812, Abd al-Salam received only a small fief in Gwandu, which he considered unfair compared to the holdings given to the other leaders who were related to Usman. His dissatisfaction deepened into open discontent under Usman's successor, Muhammad Bello, whom he accused of corruption and injustice. From his base at Kware, Abd al-Salam gathered followers and corresponded with Bello before leading a revolt in 1817. The revolt ended in early 1818 with the sack of Kware and Abd al-Salam's death from wounds at Bakura.

Bello gave a detailed account of Abd al-Salam's revolt in his Sard al-kalam (c. 1818), presenting their correspondence and quoting his six letters and three from Abd al-Salam. Abd al-Salam's descendants, known as the Gimbanawa, later established the town of Jega, which developed into a major market centre in north-western Nigeria.