55P/Tempel–Tuttle

55P/Tempel–Tuttle
Comet Tempel–Tuttle photographed by the Hubble Space Telescope on 9 January 1998
Discovery
Discovered byWilhelm Tempel
Horace Parnell Tuttle
Discovery date19 December 1865
Designations
  • P/1366 U1, P/1699 U1
  • P/1865 Y1, P/1965 M2
  • P/1997 E1
1699 II, 1866 I, 1965 IV
Orbital characteristics
Epoch25 February 2023 (JD 2460000.5)
Observation arc631.69 years
Earliest precovery date25 October 1366
Number of
observations
471
Aphelion19.732 AU
Perihelion0.975 AU
Semi-major axis10.354 AU
Eccentricity0.90587
Orbital period33.318 years
Inclination162.48°
235.41°
Argument of
periapsis
172.45°
Mean anomaly271.09°
Last perihelion28 February 1998
Next perihelion20 May 2031
TJupiter–0.637
Earth MOID0.008 AU
Physical characteristics
Mean radius
1.8 ± 0.2 km (1.12 ± 0.12 mi)
14.79–15.31 hours
  • (B−V) = 0.75±0.05
  • (V–R) = 0.51±0.05
Comet total
magnitude
(M1)
10.0
Comet nuclear
magnitude (M2)
16.0

55P/Tempel–Tuttle (commonly known as Comet Tempel–Tuttle) is a retrograde periodic comet with an orbital period of 33 years. It fits the classical definition of a Halley-type comet with a period of between 20 and 200 years. It was independently discovered by Wilhelm Tempel on 19 December 1865, and by Horace Parnell Tuttle on 6 January 1866. It is the parent body of the Leonid meteor shower.