3-Hydroxypropionate/4-hydroxybutyrate cycle

The 3-Hydroxypropionate/4-hydroxybutyrate cycle, also known as the 3HP/4HB cycle, is a specialized carbon fixation process used by some archaea, including Thermoproteota. For these organisms to survive and grow autotrophically in hostile settings, such as hydrothermal vents, this cycle is essential. Carbon dioxide (CO2) is effectively transformed by the process into organic chemicals like acetyl-CoA, which can then be utilized for growth and energy production. This route is specific to organisms that fix CO2 in high-temperature, low-oxygen settings, in contrast to the more well-known Calvin cycle which does not perform as well at fixing CO2 under these conditions.

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