2nd Summit of the Non-Aligned Movement

Second Summit Conference of Heads of State or Government of the Non-Aligned Movement on 5–10 October 1964 in Cairo, United Arab Republic (Egypt) was the second conference of the Non-Aligned Movement which followed the Belgrade Conference of 1961 and preceded the Lusaka Conference of 1970. The city of Cairo was selected as a host of the summit conference at the preparatory meeting held in Colombo, Ceylon, on March 23, 1964. At the beginning of the conference the chairmanship of the Movement was transferred from the President of Yugoslavia Josip Broz Tito to the President of Egypt Gamal Abdel Nasser.

In his opening remarks Nasser noticed changed international context since the first summit in Belgrade in 1961. Explaining how non-alignement is not the third bloc but instead opposition to bloc divisions and is active rather than passive policy, he called to abolition of direct and hidden imperialism, action regarding socioeconomic inequalities and prevention of future obstructions by major powers of historical, political, social and cultural development among people streaming towards freedom.

President of Indonesia Sukarno noticed peaceful coexistence among major powers whose direct confrontation would lead to mutual destruction. He nevertheless identified lack or even worsening security situation for developing countries, particularly in Southeast Asia, Middle East, Cyprus, Congo and Latin America. President of Yugoslavia Josip Broz Tito welcomed participation of new countries which should lead to wider emancipation of non-alignement, policy of peace and coexistence. He called for strengthening of international peace and definitive abolition of colonialism, international disarmament and more equal development. President of Ghana Kwame Nkrumah identified four major causes of internal tensions to be the division of Germany and Berlin, anticolonial liberation struggles for equality, Cold War ideological divisions and finally by the superpower armament. Prime Minister of India underlined five steps for non-aligned action including nuclear disarmament, peaceful resolution of border disputes, freedom from foreign domination, aggression, subversion and racial discrimination, faster development and full support for the United Nations. President of Revolutionary Government of Angola in Exile Holden Roberto affirmed how there can be no peace in a country whose people are exposed to oppression.