2013 Egyptian coup d'état

2013 Egyptian coup d'état
2013 Egyptian coup d'état
Part of the Egyptian crisis, the Arab Winter, the aftermath of the Egyptian Revolution, and the Qatar–Saudi Arabia diplomatic conflict
	Anti-coup demonstrations at Rabaa Square, 1 August 2013
Date	3 July 2013
Location	Egypt
Caused by	June 2013 Egyptian protests
Goals	Overthrow Mohamed Morsi and establish a new government
Resulted in	President Mohamed Morsi deposed by the Egyptian army Constitution suspended, and a transitional roadmap declared; Democratic transition following the 2011 revolution interrupted, return to authoritarian military rule; Adly Mansour becomes interim president; presidential elections are held and General Abdel Fattah El-Sisi is elected and becomes president.; Arrests and detention of Muslim Brotherhood leaders and members, including Morsi; Closure of perceived pro-Muslim Brotherhood media outlets; Dissolution of Shura Council; Escalation of militant attacks in the Sinai Peninsula; Increasing unrest and instability in response to coup; Temporary suspension of Egypt from the African Union; New presidential election held in 2014; Morsi and other Muslim Brotherhood figures jailed on various charges; Crackdown on the Muslim Brotherhood; Mohamed Morsi dies during his court trial on 17 June 2019;
Parties
Supreme Council of the Armed Forces Egyptian Armed Forces; Egyptian National Police Central Security Forces; ; ; Al-Azhar al-Sharif; Coptic Orthodox Church; Al-Nour Party; Nasserists; Supported by:; Israel; United Arab Emirates;	Egyptian Government; Muslim Brotherhood Freedom and Justice Party; ; Pro-Morsi protesters Supported by:; Turkey; Qatar
Lead figures
	Abdel Fattah el-Sisi; (Commander-in-Chief of the Armed Forces, Minister of Defense); Hosni Mubarak; (Former President of Egypt); Sedki Sobhi; (Chief of Staff of the Armed Forces); Mohamed Ibrahim; (Minister of Interior); Ahmed el-Tayeb; (Grand Imam of al-Azhar); Yunis Makhyun; (Chairman of Al-Nour) Pope Tawadros II of Alexandria Mohamed Morsi; (President of Egypt, Supreme Commander of the Armed Forces); Hesham Qandil; (Prime Minister of Egypt); Saad El-Katatni; (Chairman of the FJP); Mohammed Badie; (Leader of the Muslim Brotherhood); Khairat el-Shater; (Deputy Leader of the Muslim Brotherhood)
Casualties
Death	1,150+
Injuries	4,000+

The 2013 Egyptian coup d'etat refers to the overthrow of the Egyptian president, Mohamed Morsi, on July 3, 2013. The Egyptian army chief General Abdel Fattah el-Sisi led a coalition to remove President of Egypt Mohamed Morsi from power and suspended the Egyptian constitution of 2012. The move came after an ultimatum that the government "resolve its differences" with protesters during widespread national protests. Morsi and Muslim Brotherhood leaders, were placed under house arrest and Chief Justice of the Supreme Constitutional Court Adly Mansour was declared interim president of Egypt. The announcement was followed by demonstrations and clashes between supporters and opponents of the move throughout Egypt.

There were mixed international reactions to the events. Most Arab leaders were generally supportive or neutral, with the exception of Qatar and Tunisia who strongly condemned the military's actions. The US avoided describing the action as a coup. Other states either condemned or expressed concern over the removal of Morsi. Due to the regulations of the African Union regarding the interruption of constitutional rule by a member state, Egypt was suspended from that union. There has also been debate in the media regarding the labeling of these events. It has been described by some global media outlets as a coup or as a revolution. Egyptian State media outlets mainly referred to the ousting as a revolution, and this term was also favoured by a majority of the Egyptian public.

Ensuing protests in favour of Morsi were violently suppressed culminating with the dispersal and massacre of pro-Morsi sit-ins on 14 August 2013, amid ongoing unrest; journalists and several hundred protestors were killed by police and military force. Muslim Brotherhood members claim 2,600 people were killed. Human Rights Watch documented a minimum of 904 deaths, describing it as crimes against humanity and "one of the world's largest killings of demonstrators in a single day in recent history," while the government puts the figure at 624.