2008–2011 Cambodian–Thai border crisis

The 2008–2011 Cambodian–Thai border crisis began in June 2008 until December 2011 as part of long-standing territorial dispute between Cambodia and Thailand involving the area surrounding Preah Vihear, an 11th-century Hindu temple in the Dângrêk Mountains, between Choam Khsant District, Preah Vihear province of northern Cambodia and the Kantharalak District, Sisaket Province of northeastern Thailand.

According to the Cambodian ambassador to the United Nations, the dispute began on 15 July 2008 when about 50 Thai soldiers moved into the Keo Sikhakirisvara Pagoda vicinity which he claimed was located in Cambodia's territory about 300 metres (980 ft) from Preah Vihear. Thailand claimed the demarcation had not yet been completed for the external parts of the area adjacent to the temple, which was adjudged to be Cambodian by a nine to three decision of the International Court of Justice (ICJ) in 1962.

By August 2008, the dispute had expanded to the 13th century Ta Moan temple complex 153 kilometres (95 mi) west of Preah Vihear (14°20′57″N 103°15′59″E / 14.34917°N 103.26639°E / 14.34917; 103.26639), where Cambodia has accused Thai troops of occupying a temple complex it claims is on Cambodian land. The Thai foreign ministry denied that any troops had moved into that area until several were killed in an encounter in April 2011. An agreement was reached in December 2011 to withdraw troops from the disputed area.

On 11 November 2013, the ICJ declared in a unanimous decision that the 1962 ICJ judgment had awarded all of the promontory of Preah Vihear to Cambodia and that Thailand had an obligation to withdraw any Thai military, police, or guard forces stationed in that area. However, it rejected Cambodia's argument that the judgment had also awarded the hill of Phu Makhuea (three kilometers northwest of the temple) to Cambodia, finding that it had made no ruling on sovereignty over the hill.