1889 Costa Rican general election

1889 Costa Rican general election

3–5 November 1889 (popular vote)
1 December 1889 (electoral college)
Presidential election

467 members of the Electoral College
234 votes needed to win
 
Nominee José Joaquín Rodríguez Zeledón Ascensión Esquivel Ibarra
Party PCD PLP
Electoral vote 377 86
Percentage 80.73% 18.42%

Estimated results by province

President before election

Carlos Durán Cartín (acting)
Independent

Elected President

José Joaquín Rodríguez Zeledón
PCD

Legislative election

12 of the 23 seats in the Constitutional Congress
Party Leader Seats +/–
PCD José Joaquín Rodríguez Zeledón 9 New
PLP Ascensión Esquivel Ibarra 3 New
This lists parties that won seats. See the complete results below.

General elections were held in Costa Rica in 1889 to elect the president and half of the Constitutional Congress. Opposition candidate José Joaquín Rodríguez defeated the government-backed candidate Ascensión Esquivel by a wide margin, marking the first instance in which an incumbent-backed candidate was defeated at the polls. The election is also notable as the first in Costa Rican history in which organized political parties formally participated.

The date of 7 November is commemorated in Costa Rica as "Democracy Day" in recognition of the liberal government’s acceptance of the electoral victory of the conservative opposition. This outcome represented a significant departure from earlier political practices, as authoritarian governments had previously been the norm.