Comet Holmes

17P/Holmes
Outburst of Comet Holmes photographed by Iván Éder on 4 November 2007
Discovery
Discovered byEdwin Holmes
Discovery date6 November 1892
Designations
P/1892 V1, P/1899 L1
P/1964 O1
  • 1892 III, 1899 II, 1906 III, 1964 X, 1972 I, 1979 IV, 1986 V, 1993 VII,
  • 1892f, 1899d, 1906f, 1964i, 1971b, 1979f, 1986f, 1993i
Orbital characteristics
Epoch21 November 2025 (JD 2461000.5)
Aphelion5.194 AU
Perihelion2.090 AU
Semi-major axis3.642 AU
Eccentricity0.42616
Orbital period6.951 years
Inclination19.005°
326.60°
Argument of
periapsis
24.603°
Mean anomaly246.31°
Last perihelion19 February 2021
Next perihelion31 January 2028
TJupiter2.859
Earth MOID1.073 AU
Jupiter MOID0.481 AU
Physical characteristics
Mean radius
1.71 km (1.06 mi)
Mean density
0.09±0.02 g/cm3
  • (V–R) = 0.41±0.07
  • (R−I) = 0.44±0.08
Comet total
magnitude
(M1)
9.4
Comet nuclear
magnitude (M2)
13.8

Comet Holmes /ˈhmz/ (official designation: 17P/Holmes) is a periodic comet in the Solar System, discovered by the British amateur astronomer Edwin Holmes on November 6, 1892. Although normally a very faint object, Holmes became notable during its October 2007 return when it temporarily brightened by a factor of a million, in what was the largest known outburst by a comet, and became visible to the naked eye. It also briefly became the largest object in the Solar System, as its coma (the thin dissipating dust ball around the comet) expanded to a diameter greater than that of the Sun (although its mass remained minuscule). Between 1857–2106 perihelion remains between 2.05–2.36 AU.