1,4-Dioxane

1,4-Dioxane
Names
	Preferred IUPAC name 1,4-Dioxane
	Systematic IUPAC name 1,4-Dioxacyclohexane
	Other names [1,4]Dioxane; p-Dioxane; [6]-crown-2; Diethylene dioxide; Diethylene ether; Dioxane solvent
Identifiers
CAS Number	123-91-1 ;
3D model (JSmol)	Interactive image;
Beilstein Reference	102551
ChEBI	CHEBI:47032 ;
ChEMBL	ChEMBL453716 ;
ChemSpider	29015 ;
DrugBank	DB03316 ;
ECHA InfoCard	100.004.239
EC Number	204-661-8;
KEGG	C14440 ;
PubChem CID	31275;
RTECS number	JG8225000;
UNII	J8A3S10O7S ;
UN number	1165
CompTox Dashboard (EPA)	DTXSID4020533 ;
	InChI InChI=1S/C4H8O2/c1-2-6-4-3-5-1/h1-4H2 Key: RYHBNJHYFVUHQT-UHFFFAOYSA-N ; InChI=1/C4H8O2/c1-2-6-4-3-5-1/h1-4H2 Key: RYHBNJHYFVUHQT-UHFFFAOYAN;
	SMILES O1CCOCC1;
Properties
Chemical formula	C4H8O2
Molar mass	88.106 g·mol−1
Appearance	Colorless liquid
Odor	Mild, diethyl ether-like
Density	1.033 g/mL
Melting point	11.8 °C (53.2 °F; 284.9 K)
Boiling point	101.1 °C (214.0 °F; 374.2 K)
Solubility in water	Miscible
Vapor pressure	29 mmHg (20 °C)
Magnetic susceptibility (χ)	−52.16·10−6 cm3/mol
Thermochemistry
Std molar; entropy (S⦵298)	196.6 J/K·mol
Std enthalpy of; formation (ΔfH⦵298)	−354 kJ/mol
Std enthalpy of; combustion (ΔcH⦵298)	−2363 kJ/mol
Hazards
	Occupational safety and health (OHS/OSH):
Main hazards	Suspected human carcinogen
	GHS labelling:
Pictograms
Signal word	Danger
Hazard statements	H225, H302, H305, H315, H319, H332, H336, H351, H370, H372, H373
Precautionary statements	P201, P202, P210, P233, P240, P241, P242, P243, P260, P264, P270, P271, P280, P281, P302+P352, P303+P361+P353, P304+P312, P304+P340, P305+P351+P338, P307+P311, P308+P313, P312, P314, P321, P332+P313, P337+P313, P362, P370+P378, P403+P233, P403+P235, P405, P501 Preview warning: Omit Rules: keep P260, omit P261
NFPA 704 (fire diamond)	2 3 1
Flash point	12 °C (54 °F; 285 K)
Autoignition; temperature	180 °C (356 °F; 453 K)
Explosive limits	2.0–22%
	Lethal dose or concentration (LD, LC):
LD50 (median dose)	5 g/kg (mouse, oral); 4 g/kg (rat, oral); 3 g/kg (guinea pig, oral); 7.6 g/kg (rabbit, dermal);
LC50 (median concentration)	10,109 ppm (mouse, 2 hr); 12,568 ppm (rat, 2 hr);
LCLo (lowest published)	1000–3000 ppm (guinea pig, 3 hr); 12,022 ppm (cat, 7 hr); 2085 ppm (mouse, 8 hr)
	NIOSH (US health exposure limits):
PEL (Permissible)	TWA 100 ppm (360 mg/m3) [skin]
REL (Recommended)	Ca C 1 ppm (3.6 mg/m3) [30-minute]
IDLH (Immediate danger)	Ca [500 ppm]
Related compounds
Related compounds	Oxane; Trioxane
	Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa). verify (what is ?) Infobox references

1,4-Dioxane (/daɪˈɒkseɪn/) is a heterocyclic organic compound, classified as an ether. It is a colorless liquid with a faint sweet odor similar to that of diethyl ether. The compound is often called simply dioxane because the other dioxane isomers (1,2- and 1,3-) are rarely encountered.

1,4-Dioxane is miscible in water, essentially nonvolatile when dissolved in water, not well adsorbed by activated carbon, and not readily oxidized by common oxidants.

Dioxane is used as a solvent in manufacturing applications, and as a stabilizer for the transport of chlorinated hydrocarbons in aluminium containers. It is a highly flammable substance that produces toxic vapors when heated.

Although it is a trace material in commonly used products, such as cosmetics, dioxane is considered a hazardous contaminant and potential carcinogen in many countries, requiring government monitoring of amounts used in manufacturing and its presence in air, drinking water, and ecosystems.