0s BC

The 0s BC is the period between 9 BC and 1 BC, the last nine years of the before Christ era. It is one of two "0-to-9" decade-like timespans that contain nine years, along with the 0s.

This is a list of events occurring in the 0s BC ordered by year.

• January 30 – The Ara Pacis ("Altar of Augustan Peace"), voted for by the Senate four years earlier, is dedicated.
• Pannonia is incorporated into the Roman Empire as part of Illyria.
• Nero Claudius Drusus, Emperor Augustus' stepson, begins a campaign against the Marcomanni, but dies soon after, due to a fall from his horse.
• Livy completes compilation of his Ab Urbe Condita Libri, 142 books covering the history of Rome since its foundation down to 9 BC (approximate date).
• Accession of Aretas IV Philopatris as King of the Nabataeans (modern Jordan).

• King Maroboduus becomes ruler of the Marcomanni and fights against the Roman Empire's expansion in Bohemia.
• Arminius, son of a Cheruscan chieftain, is taken as a hostage to Rome, where he receives a military education.
• After 20 years, Emperor Augustus initiates his second census of the Roman Empire.
• Sextilis, the eighth month of the early Julian calendar, is renamed Augustus (August) by a decree of the Roman Senate in honor of Augustus.

• May 7 – Emperor Ai succeeds to the throne of Han China.
• Augustus' second census of the Roman Empire reports a total of 4,233,000 citizens. However, the specific criteria of the census are still not clear.
• Rome is divided in 14 administrative regions.

• Tiberius retires to Rhodes, to the annoyance of Emperor Augustus. He is recalled to Rome years later, in AD 4, becoming Augustus' adopted son and heir following the deaths of Lucius and Gaius Caesar.

• March – Probable nova in the constellation Aquila.
• c. December – Probable supernova in the constellation Capricornus.

• March 13 – Lunar eclipse
• Upon the death of Herod the Great, there is unrest in his client kingdom of Judea. His son, Herod Archelaus, becomes the new ruler. Herod Antipas becomes tetrarch of Galilee and Perea. The governor of Syria, Publius Quinctilius Varus, marches down to Jerusalem from Antioch to restore order; around 3000 Jews are crucified.
• Namhae becomes king of the Korean kingdom of Silla.

• In Han China, a terrible drought strikes Shandong.
• Construction of the Pont Julien in modern southern France.

• February 5 – Augustus is proclaimed pater patriae ("father of the country") by the Roman Senate. This bestowed title is the logical consequence and final proof of Augustus' supreme position as princeps, the first in charge over the Roman state.
• Julia the Elder, daughter of Augustus, is exiled on charges of treason and adultery to Pandateria; her mother Scribonia accompanies her.
• The Aqua Alsietina (or Aqua Augusta), a Roman aqueduct in Rome, is constructed during the reign of Augustus (approximate date).
• Date of the birth of Jesus according to the writings of Tertullian, Eusebius and Epiphanius (probably after the statement of Jesus being "around 30 years old" in AD 29).
• Dedication of the Forum Augustum.

• Phraates V and his mother Musa become rulers of the Parthian Empire following the murder of Phraates IV.

• Tigranes IV and Erato are restored to the throne after deposing Artavasdes III.

• August 15 – Emperor Ai dies and is succeeded by his 8-year-old cousin Ping, who is enthroned on October 17. Wang Mang is appointed regent by Empress Dowager Wang Zhengjun, his aunt.
• Former regent Dong Xian, who was previously Ai's lover, commits suicide with his wife.

• Gaius Caesar marries Livilla, daughter of Antonia Minor and Nero Claudius Drusus, in an effort to gain prestige.
• The Roman theatre in Cartagena, built by Gaius and Lucius Caesar, finishes construction.
• Aulus Caecina Severus was appointed consul by Emperor Augustus, succeeding Cossus Cornelius Lentulus Gaetulicus and Lucius Calpurnius Piso.

• The approximate date of Natakamani succeeding Amanishakheto as the King of Kush.

• Kunatala Satakarni is succeeded by Satakarni III.

• Estimated birth of Jesus, in the Christian religion, as assigned by Dionysius Exiguus in his Anno Domini era; according to most scholars, Dionysius used the word "incarnation", but it is not known whether he meant conception or birth. However, at least one scholar thinks Dionysius placed the incarnation of Jesus in the next year, AD 1. Most modern scholars do not consider Dionysius' calculations authoritative, and place the event several years earlier.